By-pass valve for hydraulic door-operating systems.



FE J. PIKE &'H.' NEVILLE.

BY-PASS VALVE FOR HYDRAULIC DOOR OPERATING SYSTEMS.

APPLICATION F|LED 1UNE26,19I4.

' Patented July 20, 1915.

rREDER'Ic JOHN PIKE; or IBEGKENHAlVE, 'AND" HEB/BERT NEVILLE; or ronnsr HILL,

ENGLAND; ASSIGNORS T0 J. STONE'LAND GO IVLPANY' LIMITED, 0E DEPTFORD, ENG- BY-PASSVALVE FOR- HYDRKULICVDOOR-OPERATING s-vs'rnrrs To all whom it may concern Be it known that we,FR11DERIoJoH'N PIKE and HERBERT NEVILLE, subjects of the: King;

of Great Britain, and residing,. respectively; at 75 Cedars road, Beckenham, in thecounty of Kent, England, and 31 Elsinore road, Forest Hill, in the county of Kent, England, have invented new" and useful Improvements in By-Pass' Valves for Hydraulic Door-Operating, Systems and the like, of which the followingjis a specification.

This invention relates to improvements invalves for hydraulicsystems especiallysuch systems as are applicable for operating bulkhead doors and the'like, and more particularly it relates to an improved means for automatically putting the ramot the cylinder: or cylinders operating each door 1n equilibrium upon the cessation ofpressure ill-the mains so that the door'may be capable otfiiee-manual operation.

According to this. invention a separate by-passing, device is provided in a duct'come' Inunicating with bothends of the. cylinder or with both. of the cylinders of a door, which device comprises firstly a valve arrangementofsuch a nature that, when pressure is admittedit either end of the cylind'er orto either cylinder, the said. valve ar rangement' automatically cuts ofi communication with the other end or other cylinder, and secondly, a device normally restrained from: action by the said! pressure which device on the failure of pressure is adapted to; actuate the valve arrangement for placingthe-two ends of thezcylinder, or the two cyIinders in-Jdirect communication or short circuitr p p p In-order that-the invention may be readily understood reference; is-made to the accompanying drawings, inlwhich;

Figurelv shows one form of .by-passing; de

vice,- and Figs. 2, 3' and} 4: show modified forms.- X

InFig- 1 acasing a lncloses a chamber?) having two openings 0 and 0 which com municate with respective ends eat the cylin der in a system vemploying; a doubleacting cylinder, or with respective cylinders-1n a system employing. two single acting CyillIL- ders operatiI g; On: each door. Within: the chamber 6 is placed; a, cylindrical valve at having. valve 1 faces-e for closing. on seatings Specification of Letters Patent. P t t ifl 29;,1915; Application filedJ'une 26; 1914.. Serial No. 847,469.

ff. Winged extensionsg slide within the openings 0 and 0" and support the valve, Inorder that the valve may-be induced to occupy a midway position upon the failure ofpressure in the system, there is provided a plunger h at right angles to the axis of the valve d. The plungerh' has a conical end .z' whlch projects into a suitable openingy' in the valve" d." When no hydraulic.

pressureexists the plunger h is pressed. into the position seen in Fig; I} by means of a spiral or other spring Zc and holds't'he valve inthemidposition'. Thespringkisin chamber Fattached to the casinga and the plunger h is preferably provided with a stufling box m. When one of the openings -for example a, of the valvechamber is placedincomniunicationWith the pressure fluid the plunger it will be pressed up and the. valve dwillthen' be free to "move "over under the influence 'ofthe pressure to close the opposite openin g'cL When; the pres sure in the syst'emceases, the plunger? will" I I be forced inward byfits springfh andthe' eXtensionc' thereon will thereup'on'engage with the aperture,in thevalve d and draw.

the valve al into its mid position thereby o putting; both ends of the cylinder or both cyllnders in communication and allowing the door connected thereto to'be freelyfmanuallyoperated-f r,

Fig; 2 shows .a modified. construction.

The casing. aincloses. two adjacent chambers nandf 0 mi communication-one w th each end'fof the cylinder or with each cylinder through passages 29 and q; The chambers a and 0 are connected by apassage r opening into the respective chambers through openings s. In 'eachwpeningsis a valve .twhich closes the opening 8. whe'njdepressed, but

which is constantlypressed. away from: its seat by a spring ui Whenino pressure exists both: valves are forced Orr their seats by thesprings and a freeipassageor fluid is permittedibetween the two chambers, 0. The extremities of the valvestems are formed at o as hollow rams workingin chambers to and packed with cup leathers r dfi,

the' springs. u being inserted into the rams;

In this construction when pressure fiuid is admitted to either: end of the cylinder or its either cylinder of'a' door and consequently also to the corresponding chamber n or 0, the valve in that chamber will be depressed so long as the pressure is maintained. Communication is thus cut oil between the two ends of the cylinder or between the two cylinders of a door. Upon the cessation of pressure, both valves t rise under the influence of their springs and allow of thefree passage of fluid from one end of the cylinder to the other, or from one cylinder to the other.

Another construction is illustrated in Fig. 3, in this arrangement, 79 and q are the two passages leading from each end of the ,cylinder or each cylinder, the passage 79 terminating in a chamber a and the passage 9 terminating in a chamber 0. The chambers 91. and 0 may be put into communication through an opening 8 which is closed by a valve t. The valve is held away from its seat, when no pressure exists, by a spring u inclosed in an enlargement 'v of the valve spindle. The exposed annular area of the part 1) is made larger than the exposed annular area of that portion of the valve projecting beyond the seat and into the opening 8, the ratio of such areas being suitably about two to one. The passages 1 and 2 leading from the chambers 01. and 0 communicate with the door controlling valve, the by-passing valve in this case being in the pipes leading from the top and bottom of the cylinder or from each cylinder to the control valve. The valve device could be situated in a separate pipe communicating with the top and bottom of the cylinder or with each cylinder, and in this case the passages y and 2 would be omitted. When pressure is admitted through the passage 1 to the passage 70 the valve will be forced down and prevent communication between the chambers n and 0. When pressure is admitted through the passage 2 to the passage q, the valve 23 will be still held down by reason of the preponderance of the effective area of the exposed portion of the valve stem extension '0 over the eflective area of the exposed portion of the valve t in the opening .9. The passages y and 2 may be restricted in diameter so that the speed of operation of the door may be decreased as desired while the by-passing ports 79 and q may be left as large as convenient to allow of minimum fluid resistance when working the door manually.

this improved by-passing device, namely, that the fluid is allowed a short circuit passage which may be equal to or larger than the full bore of the pipe connections of the hydraulic cylinder, so that with a passage of suitable size there is practically no hydraulic resistance whatever to the movement of the ram when the door or device is manually operated, and further that if any doors are disconnected from the system by closing certain stop valves provided in connection with each door, free manual operation of such doors is at once possible while the free hydraulic working of the other doors of the system remains unaffected.

We claim 1. A by-pass mechanism for fluid pressure operated bulkhead doors and the like, comprising a casing having means for connecting it with the fluid pressure mechanism of a door and having a passage adapted to afford a bypass communication for said fluid pressure mechanism, an automatic valve in the passage adapted to close the latter under the influence of pressure fluid when present in said casing, and means constantly influencing said valve and adapted to be overcome or restrained by such pres sure fluid but operative upon said valve to open said passage and create a by-pass when relieved of the pressure of said fluid.

2. A by-pass mechanism for fluid pressure operated bulkhead doors and the like, comprising a casing having means for connecting it with the fluid pressure mechanism of a door and having a passage adapted to afford a by-pass for said fluid pressure mechanism, a valve in said casing, means constantly operative upon said valve in the direction for opening it, said valve being adapted to be operated by fluid pressure to close the passage through said casing to pressure fluid flowing in either direction and being operated by said means to open such passage when said fluid is no longer under pressure.

3. A by-pass device for hydraulically 0perated bulkhead doors and like systems, comprising a valve casing having two ports adapted to be connected with respective parts of the hydraulic operating mechanism, whereby either port may be connected with pressure while the other port is connected with exhaust when such mechanism is energized, a valve in said casing adapted to close l either port under the influence of pressure admitted by the opposite port, and mechanism operative upon such valve to establish communication between the two ports when no hydraulic pressure is available.

4. A by-pass device for hydraulically operated bulkhead doors and like systems, comprising a valve casing having ports adapted to be connected with respective parts of the hydraulic operating mechanism whereby either port admits pressure fluid while the other conducts exhaust when such mechanism is energized, a valve and plunger device in a passage in said casing, said valve being adapted to close said passage under the influence of any pressure fluid admitted to said casing, and mechanical valve-operating means adapted to open said valve de-;

vice when no fluid pressure is available.

5. A by-pass valve mechanism for fluid pressure operated bulkhead doors and the like, comprising a casing, a valve in said casing, valve opening means constantly operative upon said valve, a ram in said casing operative to restrain said valve opening means, and said valve adapted to close under the influence of pressure fluid present in said casing.

6. A by-pass device for hydraulically operated bulkhead doors and like systems, comprising a valve casing having two ports adapted to be connected with respective parts of the hydraulic operating mechanism whereby either port may be connected with pressure while the other port is connected with exhaust when such mechanism is energized, a valve in said casing adapted to close under the influence of pressure admitted by either port, and a spring operated device normally restrained from action by the hydraulic pressure but operative, when no pressure is available, upon the valve to move it to a position to open communication between the two ports.

7. A by-pass device for hydraulically 0perated bulkhead doors and like systems, comprising a/ alve casing having two communicating chambers each having a port, a valve situated in a port in the partition between the two chambers, the head portion of the valve being situated in one chamber and an enlarged stem portion being situated in the other chamber and acting as a ram therein, the head and stem portions being,

so proportioned that the valve will close the port in the partition between the chambers irrespective of the chamber to which pressure is admitted, and a spring device operative upon such valve to raise it from its seat upon the cessation of fluid pressure.

FREDERIG JOHN PIKE. HERBERT NEVILLE.

Witnesses: P. PHmLIrs, W. E. ROGERS.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. G. 

